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Potassium chloride is used to prevent or to treat low blood levels of potassium (hypokalemia). Potassium levels can be low as a result of a disease or from taking certain medicines, or after a prolonged illness with diarrhea or vomiting.
Potassium chloride is an ionic salt featuring a bond between an alkali metal and a halogen. It is denoted by the chemical formula KCl and is made up of potassium cations and chloride anions in a 1:1 ratio.
Potassium chloride is characterized by a colourless, crystalline appearance and an odourless smell. In its solid form, potassium chloride can be easily dissolved in water and the resulting KCl solution is said to have a salty taste.
The primary application of this ionic salt is in the agriculture industry, where it is used in the production of crop fertilizers. Potash, a water-soluble crystalline material that is used for fertilization, can be prepared from potassium chloride (and some other minerals). This compound is also used as a substitute for common salt (sodium chloride) in food. Oral consumption of appropriate quantities of KCl can help treat low blood potassium in humans.
An illustration describing the structure of a KCl molecule is provided below.
Potassium chloride has a wide range of medical and industrial applications. It is also an integral part of fertilizer production. Some important uses of KCl are listed below.